Effect of Age Stereotypes on Balance Performance

Impact of Age Stereotypes on Balance Performance Question 1: A significant part of physical working is the capacity to remain adjusted. How may desires created by age generalizations impact more seasoned adults’ balance execution? Basically survey mental hypothesis and examination applicable to this issue, and talk about more extensive ramifications for intercessions that may bolster sound physical working of more seasoned people. Loh Qiu Yan Melissa Theoretical More established grown-ups face wide scope old enough generalizations as they age into their brilliant years. Such life cycles made individuals question their psychological capacity and physical capacities. The impact old enough generalizations prompted one confronting both positive and negative part of life. These steady generalizing impactsly affected wellbeing and physical capacity. However, with the assistance of social associations, it helped more seasoned people have a decision in driving a progressively healthy lifestyle. The utilization of informal organizations kept up their physical and intellectual working, giving them the space to have freedom just as studying their real capacities. Significance and mediations in keeping up balance execution in physical working of more established grown-ups. Maturing is an unavoidable procedure in living creatures where the state of the body break down bringing about decay of working. This difficulties the physical capacities and intellectual working of more seasoned individuals (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012) in examples of performing every day exercises, for example, being portable enough to shower and dress all alone (Clark, Hayes, Jones, Lievesley, 2009). So as to keep up the capacity to be portable and autonomous in substantial capacities at a more established age, this is normally went with the decrease in physical, mental and tangible capacities. These decreases in capacities can influence execution in zones that require comprehension including liquid insight for instance memory and capacities to reason and clarify, alongside task that require official control including jargon and word information. Additionally, with the decrease in physical working, especially muscle quality and joint adaptability for the most part includes engine assignments and parity, for example, strolling and running outcomes in more reliance on subjective assets at a more seasoned age because of the decrease in visual perception and sound-related range (Schaefer, Schumacher, 2010). These physical and psychological difficulties looked by more established people can become issues; conceivably prompting age generalizations brought about by desires and suppositions in constrained capacities of more seasoned grown-ups (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012). By seeing how maturing and age generalizations happen assumes a significant job for people in understanding the nervousness and vulnerability that can additionally influence subjective limit, accepting of own capacities for instance scholarly and thinking capacities (Schaefer, Schumacher, 2010), and guideline of constructive and antagonistic input given (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012). The subjective part of an individual can be influenced emphatically and adversely in one’s outlook for instance towards a difficult engine task which tests a more established person’s capacity (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012). This further difficulties the parity execution of a more seasoned individual who may require increasingly psychological assets sometime down the road (Schaefer, Schumacher, 2010). Consequently, the significance of getting maturing, age generalizations, psychological and physical capacities in impacting balance execution can help build up an increasingly p ositive viewpoint in keeping up solid physical working. To all the more likely play out the intercessions required for physical working of more seasoned people, it is important to comprehend the purpose for age generalizations which can negatively affect more established people. One plausible explanation that can prompt an ascent in age generalizations is by marking and ordering individuals into mature age gatherings. Accordingly, it generally happens where less great perspectives are put on more seasoned grown-ups, seeing them as less profitable citizenry (Phillips, 2014). This thusly makes people arrive at a resolution that these profound established considerations and convictions, attitude and perceptual conduct really bolster age generalizing (Blaine, 2013). Moreover fortifying and increasing their degrees of dread and reliance on others all through their maturing procedure (Clark, Hayes, Jones, Lievesley, 2009). These considerations and fears are additionally installed in their psyche, adjusting their mentality in this way makes a he sitant state (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012), which brings about self-generalizing (Levy, 2003), and influencing balance execution which decreases the capacity to perform (Wulf, Chiviacowsky Lewthwaite, 2012). A case of mature age generalization communicated with the utilization of kid's shows characters in depicting more established people, for example, Abe Simpson who is the dad of Homer Simpson in â€Å"The Simpsons† animation. He was depicted as a feeble and ward individual who seems, by all accounts, to be very hard to deal with now and again, additionally observed just like a weight to his child. This depicted more established grown-ups in a negative cliché way with constrained capacities to be free which isn't the situation for everybody (Blaine, 2013). Be that as it may, changing to an alternate point of view old enough generalizing occurring in a working environment condition with regards to Singapore, it demonstrated that there were sure generational contrasts in the negative generalizations towards more established representatives. For instance, representatives at a more youthful age felt they had more effectiveness towards the part of performing various tasks and invent iveness contrasted with more seasoned representatives whom felt that they have more grounded hard working attitudes yet feel that more youthful workers have more grounded request towards acknowledgment (Blauth, McDaniel, Perrin, Perrin, 2011). These generational contrasts were comparative in the part of looking at the intellectual working which is identified with balance execution of the two gatherings of individuals. With better comprehension of the reason and explanations behind age generalizations guides more established people cultivate a superior relationship with their psychological and body working. As much as ageism being a worry, with the steady cliché assessments and discernment on more established individuals, passionate responses of these older people are influenced in both constructive and contrary ways (Blaine, 2013). Constructive impacts and suggestions can be through social methods by cooperating with relatives, companions and different individuals from varying backgrounds. Not exclusively does social collaboration help manage the enthusiastic responses of more seasoned people; it additionally empowers people in incorporating with society through social methods (Charles Carstensen, 2010). Informal organizations and communications likewise affect psychological working where it is an inspirational factor behind a superior personal satisfaction and the capacity in keeping up autonomy in spite of increment in age; Furthermore, coming about one to growing progressively self-viability in driving a superior useful wellbeing. This is because of the body responding in a positiv e way where social association has an immediate relationship with neuroendocrine and cardiovascular reactivity. In this manner, with positive and strong intelligent responses in the body help to diminish the physiological reactivity that has been connected to endocrine and cardiovascular action bringing about subjective decay (Seeman, Lusignolo, Albert Berkman, 2001). In case of intellectual working of a more seasoned grown-up diminishing, there are higher odds of subjective issue or impedances, for example, indications of vascular dementia or Alzheimer to show up (Price, Corwin, Friedman, Laditka, Colabianchi Montgomery, 2011). Thus so as to keep up or increment subjective working, having solid informal organizations and backing in keeping up connectedness can improve one’s mental and physical wellbeing, bringing about avoidance of intellectual decay. Intentional exercises are one of the informal community and coordinating exercises that empowers holding meetings with various people, requests social and mental aptitudes (Charles Carstensen, 2010) gives a feeling of direction and forestalls disengagement for the individuals who face challenges anytime in their life (Grimm, Spring Dietz, 2007). The impact of social collaboration affects psychological working where both liquid knowledge and official control include broad inborn subjective seg ments required during social cooperation for instance hitting discussions with individuals during holding meetings and exercises. Social incorporating exercises, for example, chipping in can assist one with having a superior feeling of authority over life and physical wellbeing by offering help to other more established grown-ups and increasing a feeling of achievement. With the utilization of these intellectual segments can additionally advance more seasoned people having better psychological commitment and working (Seeman, Lusignolo, Albert Berkman, 2001) which are connected to adjust execution. Keeping up of equalization may appear as a straightforward and crucial part in numerous individuals, anyway it is an undertaking that is physical and requests autonomy in the part of an old individual (Onambele, 2006). Through the examination done by Wulf, Chiviacowsky, Lewthwaite (2012) indicated that equalization is impacted by social intellectual, effect and accepting of own capacities and so on. In this manner more seasoned adult’s balance execution can be additionally reinforced by expanding their apparent capacities in performing and finishing assignments. What's more, founded on an examination done by Levy Leifheit-Limson (2009) like Wulf, Chiviacowsky, Lewthwaite (2012) where imparting of positive age generalizations on physical or balance execution help form a specific degree of desire towards the generalization prompted one fitting in with it. Therefore this makes one self-generalization (Levy, 2003), which influence the presentation of the people in performing bette r because of the constructive impact. In like manner in the event that it was a negative generalization, the ou

The Watergate Scandal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Watergate Scandal - Research Paper Example President Richard Nixon made further strides by shaping the ‘White House Plumbers’ to help keep such goals as covered up as could be expected under the circumstances. Individuals from the association were high-positioning government authorities. Some were even individuals from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and had explicit information and capacities that empowered them to complete their part in the theft. This plan was ethically off-base for it was a tricky endeavor to reappoint the president. Nixon, by being associated with this outrage, disregarded his vow. The ethical honesty of the CREEP individuals was at that point speculate dependent on their political conduct before the Watergate. Washington, D.C. police had arrested five men headed by James W. McCord Jr. on the seventeenth of June 1972. The five, caught with electronic reconnaissance hardware, had attempted to introduce listening gadgets in the Democratic home office to discover Democratic crusade arrangements (Friedman and Levantrosser 98). The men were found to be partnered to the Republic Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP). Papers kept by these men additionally included White House counselor E. Howard Hunt and CREEP right hand G. Gordon Liddy. President Nixon straightforwardly refuted any claim that he was included â€Å"in this exceptionally peculiar incident† (Barden 19). The Washington court accused the seven men of spying, theft, and connivance. Judge John Sirica, the person who directed the case, accepts that other high-positioning government authorities were educated regarding the break-in and the endeavors to keep it covered up. Nixon uncovered in April 1973 that â€Å"there had bee n a push to cover the facts,† (Barden 19) and considered his faculty capable. He prevented any information from securing the plan. In the interim, while in jail, McCord uncovered that he and the others had been constrained by high-positioning Republican Party officials to keep their

Current Ethical Issue in Business Paper Research

Momentum Ethical Issue in Business - Research Paper Example When Merrill Lynch put awful home loans in mutual funds than sold them for a year with the guarantee of an arrival, the rationale was the speculators knew the hazard. Lita Epstein (2007) clarifies: Merrill financial specialists had no clue how awful its circumstance was until it at long last told the truth about its misfortunes and brought a $7.9 billion record on these hazardous protections, one of Wall Streets biggest compose downs ever, in addition to another $463 million record of arrangement related loaning responsibilities for a sum of $8.4 billion. (Epstein 2007). The aftereffect of Merrill Lynch and other fence investments supervisors was Congress stepping in with new enactment. This implies stricter laws and assessments in the United States and Europe. Merrill Lynch didn't gain from their missteps. Rather than working in the United States and Europe, â€Å"Bank of America Merrill Lynch is assisting with building up in excess of twelve flexible investments in Asia as industry guideline becomes harder in America and Europe† (Cooper 2010). Unmistakably this recommends Merrill Lynch thinks more about a benefit than the speculator. The standard procedures that showed this circumstance were insatiability, misdirection, reckless getting, and portfolio significance. The speculative stock investments were there to bring in cash by facing challenges. The trickiness of moving terrible home loans to the fence stock investments made the circumstance. Flighty getting, a support stock investments can get up to 30% over their advantages, prompted defaulted contracts. At long last the yearly money related report needed to meet certain objectives to be worthy to investors. Reality never got an opportunity. Merrill Lynch was blameworthy of duping their investors. Albeit subsequent to bringing the record no punishments were given, Merrill Lynch ought to have found out about the correct method to run a support investments. The way that Merrill Lynch needs to work in Asia should make financial specialists run. This organization puts cash and accomplishment over morals and speculators. This case situation is certifiably not a genuine case of morals. Financial specialist ought not confide in their pennies, much

Do You Have a Health Persuasive Essay Topic That You Would Like to Write?

Do You Have a Health Persuasive Essay Topic That You Would Like to Write?If you are contemplating writing a health persuasion essay, I suggest that you do not settle for the first topic. There are many other persuasive topics for you to choose from. For example, this topic will have as its main focus weight issues and eating disorders. The more health topics you choose, the better your chance of succeeding in your health topic.While it is true that a strong public health campaign can help improve the health and well being of individuals, weight issues have been a hot issue in the United States. People have always been concerned about their bodies and how they look. Now, there is no escaping the fact that the media plays a big role in influencing our perception about our bodies. As an example, the food industry is notorious for misleading us about what we should be eating.Thus, by communicating directly with the people who will eventually read your information, you have the chance to save yourself from some bad information. The first thing that you will need to do is to figure out the type of issue that you are writing on. What kind of issue are you writing about? How much information do you need to provide? What is the audience for your information?When you know what your audience will be, you can then focus on the health persuasive essay topics that you will want to discuss. Think about what kinds of information you will need to include in your information. Will it be a book review or a scientific report? How much research is required to produce a persuasive essay?These are all questions that you will need to answer before you begin your persuasive essay topic. Once you know what your topic is going to be, you can then begin to choose a topic for the essay. What is the goal that you are trying to achieve?All of these factors are important to consider when choosing a persuasive essay topic. For example, if you want to write a medical book, you may want to focus on the issue of obesity and the influence that food has on people's health. This is an extremely powerful and impactful topic to write about.However, if you want to write a political opinion piece, you will probably want to focus on a more persuasive essay topics. You may also choose to do the research and write a marketing message for a product, or a personal essay that gives you insight into your mind and interests.

Catholic Moral Theology And The Medical Field - 935 Words

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The revelation by Dr. Susan that the Jefferson Institute operatives who have been instigating unwarranted patient deaths to obtain body organs for sale in the black market depict the life of recipients as superior to that of the victim. According to Kim (2015), Catholic theology teaches that human dignity is universal, and therefore, each and every person has value and deserves respect. Consequently, not a single life of any individual should be exploited, and people should not view themselves as better than others (Boyle, 2015). In thisShow MoreRelatedThe Intervention Of Biotechnology On Life Takes Two Forms Of Therapy And Enhancement1705 Words   |  7 Pagesoutlines categories that describe how Christians have related to the culture at various times in history with regards to his book Christ in Culture (Chesire 77). 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Investigating The Murder Of Jones Essay - 1439 Words

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I will suggest a plan on how Centervale s criminal justice professionals can help to bridge the gap between legislature and the citizens by bringing more awareness about legislature that might affect them befor e it is signed into law (that is, public safety legislation, and crime control legislation). I will support my position on the early release of violent offenders from prison with criminal justice, research on recidivism and other pertinent topics, such as budgetary constraints. I will also talk about the fear of crime that citizens have brought to the Mayor and other city officials from the violent crime stand point. I will also recommend and support my research with examples from Centervale officials,Show MoreRelatedThe Assassination Of Timothy Mcveigh1509 Words   |  7 Pagestook the lives of over 900 innocent people (The Stigmatized Deaths in Jonestown†¦ 42). And the man behind this inexcusable act was none other than cult mysterious leader Jim Jones. 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Effective Evaluation of Marketing Campaign

Question: Discuss about the Effective Evaluation of Marketing Campaign. Answer: Introduction: In the present competitive business environment, it has become necessary for the organizations to focus on the effective development of marketing strategies for achieving sustainable growth in the market. The implemented strategies of the organizations play significant role in fulfilling all the business objectives in an appropriate manner (Paul and Bihani 2014). Specifically, organizations that are doing businesses in the extremely competitive business sectors like retail will have to be extremely cautious regarding the implemented marketing strategies. Otherwise, it will become very difficult for the organizations to sustain its position in the market. In this study, the focus will be provided on a retail organization namely JB HI FI that are doing business in the Australia and New Zealand market. The report will focus on the effective evaluation of the factors that can actually create impact on the overall business processes. The report will also highlight the prime areas that JB HI FI has focused to create maximum impact with the initiated marketing strategies. It has been assessed that effective evaluation of the factors will help JB HI FI to identify the threat factors in an appropriate manner. As a result, it will definitely help to increase the effectiveness of the implemented marketing strategies. The report will also focus on the effective evaluation of the strategies initiated by the competitors for the effective development of counter strategies for fulfilling all the marketing objectives. The report will also focus on providing recommendations to JB HI FI so that it can able to increase its market penetration power in an appropriate way. Marketing background of the company: JB HI FI is the retailer in the consumer goods segments that are primarily focusing on the Australian and New Zealand market for fulfilling all its business objectives. The organization is primarily focusing on to provide Blue-rays, DVDs, electronic hardware and CDs for achieving desired sales objective in an appropriate manner. With the innovative marketing and promotional strategies, it has able to create great amount of popularity in the potential market. In fact, JB HI FI is regarded as one of the most successful and fastest growing businesses of its kind. JB HI FI is a publicly listed organization that has head quarter in the Melbourne areas. Presently, the organization has around 135 stores in several prime areas of Australia. JB HI FI has able to enhance the revenue level around A$4 billion that suggested the market penetration power of the organization (jbhifi.com.au 2016). It has been assessed that JB HI FI has always focused on the effective evaluation of the sustainability factors for creating desired impact on the marketplaces. Firstly, JB HI FI has focused on the development of the strategies for creating positive impact on the environmental condition. For that reason, JB HI FI has focused on the development of the strategies that can reduce the adverse impact on the ecosystem in long run. For that reason, JB HI FI has focused on reducing the use of raw materials on the operational process. In addition, it has also tried to utilize effective packaging system so that environmental condition of the society remains at the highest level (Kotler et al. 2015). Secondly, JB HI FI has also focused on the effective maintenance of employees so that they remain associated with the organization for a long period of time. For that reason, JB HI FI has always focused on providing additional benefits to the internal resources for enhancing the effectiveness of th e operational process. Thirdly, JB HI FI has also focused on the effective utilization of the policies so that it can able to handle the issues related to social sustainability perspectives in an appropriate manner (Castaldo, Grosso and Premazzi 2013). For that reason, JB HI FI has also tried to influence all it s suppliers to conduct businesses in such a way so that it can able to meet all the social norms in an appropriate manner. JB HI FI has always focused on the maintenance of long-term relationship with all the stakeholders so that the entire business processes can be performed within the social norms. Fourthly, JB HI FI has focused on avoiding all economic sustainability risks associated with the businesses. For that reason, the organization has developed several operating plans so that it can able to produce desired level of output in an appropriate manner (Bhowal and Paul 2014). It has focused on the effective utilization of advanced machinery so that it can able to fulfil all the requirements of the market in an effective manner. Fifthly, JB HI FI has focused on the maintenance of legislative rules and regulations so that the entire operational process remains at the highest order. JB HI FI has focused on the maintenance of legislative rules regarding the trade practices for representing itself as a responsible corporate citizen. Thus, the initiated practices have helped the organization to achieve popularity in the desired marketplaces (Wedel, Zhang and Feinberg 2015). Marketing Mix: As per the article by Berthon et al. (2012), marketing mix is among the most popular tools that marketers utilize to penetrate the desired market in an appropriate manner. It allows marketers to identify the elements that can provide competitive advantage in the market. The marketing mix of JB HI FI described as follows: Product: JB HI FI primarily deals in the retail segments where it offers comprehensive range of electronic products. The product segment of the organizations includes items like CDs and DVDs and other computer appliances that people require in their daily life. JB HI FI product portfolio also include products like advanced video games, electronic wrist bands, play stations, which are capable of grabbing the attention of the potential customers in an appropriate way. The organization has included top electronic brands like Sony, Casio and Microsoft Xbox products to create maximum impact on the market (jbhifi.com.au 2016). Furthermore, as JB HI FI is selling advanced electronic gadgets, it has focused on the effective enhancement of the popularity among the youth aged between 12-35 years. For that reason, JB HI FI always has focused on highlight all its products in a colourful way so that it can easily grab the attention of the potential customers in an appropriate way. Price: As per the article by Armstrong et al. (2012), effective utilization of pricing strategy is extremely crucial for reaching to all potential customers in an appropriate manner. JB HI FI has focused on the effective utilization of low cost strategy for enhancing its reach in Australian and New Zealand market. In fact, the business slogan of JB HI FI Always cheapest price indicates the fact that the organization is looking to gain competitive price advantage from all its competitors in order to attract people from the desired market in an appropriate manner. The prime objective of JB HI FI for selecting economic pricing technique is to penetrate different portion of the market. In fact, JB HI FI has initiated range of pricing strategies with the objective of gaining market share even at the expense of loss (Sheau-Ting, Mohammed and Weng-Wai 2013). Moreover, JB HI FI has also focused on the discounting pricing technique on broad range of computer and gaming products for ensuring the atte ntion level of the potential customers remain at the highest order. Promotion: As highlighted by Huang and Sarigll (2014) promotional strategy can create major impact on the overall effectiveness of the business processes for an organization. For that reason, each organization is looking to include unique marketing or promotional strategies for creating maximum impact on the potential market. JB HI FI has primarily focused on the direct marketing and sponsorship programs for grabbing the attention of the potential customers. In addition, JB HI FI has also focused on effective utilization of personal selling technique for retaining the customers for long period of time. JB HI FI also has focused on the effective utilization of advertising technique for increasing the popularity level in the market. Now, JB HI FI has focused on the print media and official website for the effective utilization of advertisement techniques so that the promotional message can reach to all potential customers. Moreover, as social media has become an integral part of youths life, JB H I FI has tried to utilize it in such a way so that the promotional strategy can create maximum impact on the overall business processes. Physical distribution: As highlighted by Leonidou, Katsikeas and Morgan (2013) development of well-structured physical distribution network is necessary for fulfilling the business requirements in an appropriate manner. It has been assessed that the process by which products actually reach to its potential customers can have major impact on the overall revenue level of the organizations. For that reason, JB HI FI has tried to develop retail outlets in almost all the prime areas in Australian market. Presently, JB HI FI has 124 retail outlets in the Australian market and 10 in New Zealand market. Furthermore, JB HI FI has focused on effective enhancement of the number of outlets for increasing the revenue level in an appropriate manner. Furthermore, JB HI FI has consciously tried to develop stores in prime shopping malls or popular places for creating maximum impact on the potential market (Berman and Evans 2013). In addition, JB HI FI also has focused on the development of smaller outlets to enhance the pr esent level of business in an appropriate manner. Competitor analysis: As per the article by Glanz, Bader and Iyer (2012) competitor analysis is important for the organizations in order to create desired impact on the marketplaces. Specifically, as the competition in the global market increasing in continues manner, it has induced all the organizations to focus on the development of effective counter strategies for fulfilling all the business responsibilities in an appropriate manner. Now, JB HI FI is regarded as one of the fastest growing electronic and gaming products selling organizations in the Australian market. Therefore, it also has to face immense competition from different competitors including The Good Guys, Harvey Norman, Big W, David Jones and Target Australia for sustaining its position in the market. It has been assessed that all the competitors of JB HI FI has focused on providing similar types of products in the Australian market. Furthermore, organizations like Harvey Norman and Target Australia has able to develop retail outlets in dif ferent parts of the Australian market. As a result, it has helped the organizations to capture prime portion of the potential Australian market. Hanssens et al. (2014) have highlighted organizations like Harvey Norman has created direct competition with JB HI FI for capturing the attention of the youths living in Australian market. On the other hand, organizations like Big W and Target Australia has created indirect competition, as they have tried to diversify the product range in other departments as well (Kim et al. 2014). For instance, David Jones and Big W have also focused on providing clothing garments to the potential market as well. On the other hand, organizations like Harvey Norman and The Good Guys have restricted their businesses within the electronic sectors only. However, Lund and Marinova (2014) highlighted the fact that utilization of economic pricing strategy has helped JB HI FI to gain popularity in the market in a greater way. For that reason, Harvey Norman and The Good Guys also have tried to utilize economic pricing strategy in order to created desired impact on the potential market. However, the price level of these organizations is still higher than the JB HI FI, which has played a major part in grabbing the market share in an appropriate manner. As JB HI FI is ready to sale products even at loss, it has become very difficult for the competitors to gain advantage from pricing strategies. In case of promotion, all the competitors of JB HI FI have focused on the effective utilization of several promotional tools for creating desired impact on the market. For instance, Harvey Norman has tried to utilize direct marketing campaign for educating potential customers regarding the products and services of the organizations (Samli 2015). On t he other hand, The Good Guys have focused on the personal selling approach for enhancing the satisfaction level of the customers, which is necessary for retaining them for a longer period of time. The promotional strategies of the competitors also have focused on the effective utilization of increasing popularity of internet for reaching to the potential customers (Singh 2012). For that reason, all the competitors have developed prominent websites for providing information to the customers in an appropriate way. Moreover, social media also has been used by the competitors for grabbing the attention of the young generation for achieving sustainable growth in the market (George 2015). Finally, competitors also have focused on the effective utilization of physical distribution network for fulfilling the business objectives in an effective way. For that reason, organizations Big W and Target Australia has focused to developing retail stores on all the prime areas in Australian market. T he competitors have also targeted popular shopping malls and multiplexes for achieving desired sales revenue from the market. Recommendations: The above discussion has highlighted the fact that the implemented business or marketing strategies of JB HI FI has able to create huge impact on enhancing the popularity in the Australian market. However, as the competition is increasing, JB HI FI has to face several challenges associated with the business processes in order to maintain the growth rate in an appropriate manner. Thus, the recommended business strategies for JB HI FI are provided as follows: Effective utilization of pricing strategy: As mentioned earlier, JB HI FI has focused on selling products even at loss for grabbing major share of the market. However, selling products at loss is not an optimal business strategy, as it can create difficulties for the organizations in achieving sustainable growth in the market (Singh 2012). Therefore, it is necessary for the JB HI FI to set the price at such level where organization can actually grab fare share of the market. Increase number of tools used for promotional campaign: Now, in order to set the price level high, JB HI FI will have to focus more on the effective utilization of promotional tools. It has been assessed that utilization of more number of promotional tools help to educate people in an effective manner. Therefore, JB HI FI also has to utilize television advertisements, radio advertisements to educate the people regarding the quality of products and services they provide to the market. Diversify product range: JB HI FI also needs to focus on increasing the product range for maintain the growth rate in the market. For instance, JB HI FI can also diversify its product range apart from electronic products for increasing the revenue level in an appropriate manner. Global market: Presently, JB HI FI is primarily doing businesses in the Australian market and it also has few branches in the New Zealand market as well. However, the organization is still has not focused on the global market for enhancing the revenue level. Therefore, it has become necessary for the organizations to focus on the global market to achieve sustainable growth in the market. Conclusions: The above discussion has highlighted the fact that effective utilization of marketing or promotional technique is necessary for fulfilling all the business responsibilities in an appropriate manner. Organizations will have to focus on the effective evaluation of several factors for fulfilling all the responsibilities in an appropriate manner. It has been assessed that JB HI FI has able to utilize effective marketing campaign for fulfilling all the business objectives. However, there is still scope for JB HI FI to enhance the effectiveness of the marketing campaign for achieving sustainable growth in the market. References: Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2012.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London. Berman, B.R. and Evans, J.R., 2013.Retail management: a strategic approach. Pearson Higher Ed. Berthon, P.R., Pitt, L.F., Plangger, K. and Shapiro, D., 2012. Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy.Business horizons,55(3), pp.261-271. Bhowal, A. and Paul, T., 2014. Mutual Fund Investors' Expectation and Experience Gap-A study from the'Customer Convenience'Dimension of 4C marketing mix.Asian Journal of Research in Marketing,3(1), p.183. Castaldo, S., Grosso, M. and Premazzi, K., 2013.Retail and channel marketing. Edward Elgar Publishing. George, W.R., 2015. Internal marketing for retailers: The junior executive employee. InProceedings of the 1984 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 322-325). Springer International Publishing. Glanz, K., Bader, M.D. and Iyer, S., 2012. Retail grocery store marketing strategies: an integrative review.American journal of preventive medicine,42(5), pp.503-512. Hanssens, D.M., Pauwels, K.H., Srinivasan, S., Vanhuele, M. and Yildirim, G., 2014. Consumer attitude metrics for guiding marketing mix decisions.Marketing Science,33(4), pp.534-550. Huang, R. and Sarigll, E., 2014. How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. jbhifi.com.au, 2016. JB Hi-Fi | Australias Largest Home Entertainment Retailer. [online] Jbhifi.com.au. Available at: https://www.jbhifi.com.au [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Kim, K.P., Kim, Y.O., Lee, M.K. and Youn, M.K., 2014. The effects of co-brand marketing mix strategies on customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty for medium and small traders and manufacturers.E+ M Ekonomie a Management, (1), p.140. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L. and Armstrong, G., 2015.Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Leonidou, C.N., Katsikeas, C.S. and Morgan, N.A., 2013. Greening the marketing mix: do firms do it and does it pay off?.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,41(2), pp.151-170. Lund, D.J. and Marinova, D., 2014. Managing revenue across retail channels: The interplay of service performance and direct marketing.Journal of Marketing,78(5), pp.99-118. Miller, D., 2014. Retail Marketing: A Branding and Innovation Appraoach. Paul, T. and Bihani, P., 2014. Expectation Based Customer Oriented Marketing Mix-A Conceptual Framework.International Journal of Research and Development-A Management Review (IJRDMR),3(1), pp.53-60. Samli, A.C., 2015. Retail Marketing Strategy Development. InCoping with Retail Giants(pp. 17-25). Palgrave Macmillan US. Sheau-Ting, L., Mohammed, A.H. and Weng-Wai, C., 2013. What is the optimum social marketing mix to market energy conservation behaviour: an empirical study.Journal of environmental management,131, pp.196-205. Singh, M., 2012. Marketing Mix of 4PS for Competitive Advantage.IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSRJBM),3(6), pp.40-45. Wedel, M., Zhang, J. and Feinberg, F., 2015. Implementing Retail Category Management: a Model-Based Approach to Setting Optimal Markups.Customer Needs and Solutions,2(2), pp.165-176.

Alfred Nobel Essays - Nobel Prize, Nobel Family, Alfred Nobel

Alfred Nobel Alfred Nobel Alfred Bernhard Noble was a Swedish chemist, inventor, and industrialist. His most famous and most important invention were Dynamite and Nitroglycerin Alfred was born on October 21, 1833. When he invented Dynamite, a large sum of money was his reward. Alfred left most of his reward in trust, as an investment to award those who, each year, bestowed Athe greatest benefit on [emailprotected] The prizes have been given since 1901, and are given by the Noble Foundation in Stockholm. The awards in Noble=s will are designated for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. In 1969 an award was added for economics. It was granted by the Central Bank of Sweden. The element Nobelium was named after Alfred Nobel in 1957 by a group of scientists from Great Britain. THE INFORMATION BELOW IS WHERE MY INFORMATION CAME FROM Nobel, Alfred Alfred Bernhard Nobel, b. Oct. 21, 1833, d. Dec. 10, 1896, was a Swedish chemist, inventor, and industrialist whose most important invention, the explosive DYNAMITE, earned a fortune for its inventor and provided the financial basis for the establishment of the NOBEL PRIZE. With his father, Immanuel, himself an inventor and industrialist, Alfred Nobel began to manufacture NITROGLYCERIN in a factory near Stockholm in 1862. Nobel Prize Alfred Nobel left most of his fortune in trust, as a fund from which annual prizes would be awarded to those who, each year, conferred the greatest benefit on mankind. The prizes, awarded since 1901, are administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. The prizes designated in Nobel's will were for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. In 1969 a prize for economics endowed by the Central Bank of Sweden was added. Nobelium In 1957 a group of scientists from Great Britain, Sweden, and the United States claimed to have created element 102 and suggested that it be named nobelium for Alfred Nobel. Science

BOB

BOB The effectiveness of leaders depend on how appropriate leadership style is to the situation in which they operate. Given that the effectiveness of a leader depends on the situation, it naturally follows that certain leadership behaviors will be effective of ineffective in certain situations. BOB's International Entertainment Conglomerate, although for the most part a financially successful organization, is an organization that is ran by ineffective leaders.This case study will attempt to derive a solution to the many problems cited in the case. Although there are numerous problems, many of these if not all can be resolved through the implementation of several key concepts to be explained in greater detail.All organizations are occasionally confronted with problems that need to be solved. Unlike a decision-making process which centers its energy on selecting the best alternative from several choices, the intention of the problem-solving process is to find the root cause of a problem, or in the case of BOB's , the problems.Michael PhelpsThis distinction is crucial, as we tend to lump decision making and problem-solving together, and treat them much the same way, when in fact they are distinct processes.In an attempt to solve the problems, it is vital that we restate many of the problems that BOB's has had to endure and is currently confronted with. BOB's is an International Entertainment Conglomerate consisting of, bars, opera houses, and ballet houses. My role in this organization is that of Regional Vice President of Operations. Under me, I have three operation managers. Each are in charge with overseeing either the bars, ballets, or operas within my region. Each operations manager has reporting to them, district managers who then in turn, have facility mangers underneath them. The facility managers are supported by their own respective staff members.The current situation has...

Team work and Conflict resolution; CRITICAL reflection ESSAY Research Paper

Team work and Conflict resolution; CRITICAL reflection ESSAY - Research Paper Example This leads to disagreement among the team players as everyone thinks that his idea is better than the other’s. This disagreement among the people is the essence of conflict at work place (Masters & Albright, 2002). Unfortunately, conflicts at work can lead to lot of problems like under performance, attrition, major strike etc.(Masters & Albright, 2002). Hence, conflict resolution is extremely important for smooth functioning of an organization. However, as conflict affects both the emotional, physiological and the psychological aspects of life, what is more important is to resolve a conflict in such a way that everyone involved should be happy and satisfied with the resolution. I had a chance to learn about conflict resolution during my group work. I found that working in a team is not an easy job. Being a part of team is not only a challenge to your creativity but is also a challenge to your social and emotional skills. Moreover, I realized that what happens in a group work affects your personal life also as you tend to carry home the emotions that you feel during the group work. We were four people in group. During our group work, we experienced conflict in many issues. We experienced conflict right from the beginning of the work as the schedule of the meeting in itself became a matter of conflict. There were only 4 days left for the presentation and we were not able to decide the time of meeting as one of the group member had to leave early. We tried to find a solution which was acceptable by everyone. Hence, we decided to meet at lunch time when every one of us was free. Later on, we had a difference of opinion regarding which videos to choose for the presentation. Two members wanted one video for presentation while I and other member were thinking of other video clip. To resolve the conflict between the choices of the videos, we decided to show only one video which was â€Å"South Park†. I learnt different things

What do subcultural theories have to offer our understanding of youth Essay

What do subcultural theories have to offer our understanding of youth crime - Essay Example You wonder why kids, especially the male gender before 18 years of age already have a bad reputation from school, which the criminal courts can also support. These young people already understand their cultural values and what their society upholds to be morally right and wrong, yet they go against it to prove it wrong. They form independent social structures, in which they set their own rules and conduct activities to satisfy their ambitions. Sub-cultural theories have put forward motives that drive most of the young people into crime and deviance. Lynch (2000) mentioned that crime does not necessarily happen because people have been imperfectly socialized, but instead occur, for they get to be socialized in a deviant group and learn its values. Their formulated values and beliefs are what they use to justify their illegal conduct in the midst of the dominant culture. It is the desire for most people to achieve and live the American dream in their lifetime. Acquiring wealth and living a satisfactory life seems challenging and only few in the society have managed that. Although people can get a good salary, the life standard has gone up increasing the expenses incurred. This puts a barrier between the rich and the poor in the society, which determines their power to access their needs and their position in the society. According to Vito, Maahs and Holmes, the American sub cultural theories stem out of anomie and social disorganisation perspective; focusing on the lower class in the society, and the formation and activities that explain the delinquent subcultures (2007, p. 160). The concept of psychological strain on the lower social group in their state of idleness and poverty, make the people to look for alternative means to sustain their lives. Often, it is possible to see states and countries that have low economic and safety nets than others, which have high crime rates. The chances of economic and socially powerful families

The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay Example for Free

The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay Historians describe the 1962 crisis as a tripartite affair between Cuba, Soviet Union and America. Each country had the power or the probability of affecting the outcome of the crisis in any way it deemed fit. However, contrary to numerous beliefs on the crisis, Cuba was alone as it could not count on the support of the Soviet Union for long. Worse still, Cuba was continually threatened by America; thus, Cuba’s approach was to support radical movements across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to progress a league of like-minded nations. To Cubans the 1962 crisis dates back in 1959 when the Cuban uprising occurred without any Soviet aid. During the Bays of Pigs incursion in 1961, Fidel Castro termed the revolution socialist since the country believed that America was intent on obliterating the uprising. This led to the fear of a U.S. incursion; thus, Cuba looked for ways to defend itself. Cubans attest that the countries did not resolve the crisis amongst themselves since America’s aim of destroying the Cuban rebellion continued even after the October crisis wherein the Soviet Union agreed to America’s demand. The crisis, fought from three main fronts may have instigated a nuclear war. However, several actions and counter-actions ensured that the crisis did not blow to a full blown war. In this regards, Cuba played an important role during the entire crisis. The Cubans saw the Cuban Rebellion as the main cause of the crisis although the Soviet and America thought otherwise. The evaluation of the crisis provides alternative and comprehensive outlook of the causes, impacts, and issues surrounding the crisis from the Cuban standpoint. This led to the fear of a U.S. incursion; thus, Cuba looked for ways to defend itself. Cubans attest that the countries did not resolve the crisis amongst themselves since America’s aim of destroying the Cuban rebellion continued even after the October crisis wherein the Soviet Union agreed to America’s demand. The crisis, fought from three main fronts may have instigated a nuclear war. However, several actions and counter-actions ensured that the crisis did not blow to a full blown war. In this regards, Cuba played an important role during the entire crisis. The Cubans saw the Cuban Rebellion as the main cause of the crisis although the Soviet and America thought otherwise. The evaluation of the crisis provides alternative and comprehensive outlook of the causes, impacts, and issues surrounding the crisis from the Cuban standpoint. Background               The Cuban Crisis of 1962 was the most significant incident of the Cold War.  Ã‚  Ã‚  For 13 days, the America and the Soviet went at each other’s stand on superiority in a period crisis that almost created a nuclear war.  Ã‚  Inexorably, chronological assessments of the Crisis center on the power struggle between the Soviet and America.  Ã‚  Infrequently, people do not consider it indispensable or essential to regard Cuba as a main actor of the crisis. Therefore, to entirely appreciate and comprehend the lessons of the Crisis,  it is essential to value Cubas role in the predicament.  Ã‚  More significantly, though, as the Cold War fades and the world takes shape of a new order, the significance of comprehending the events of the crisis and the main antagonists of the crisis to construct upon the current view of the world and prepare for future crisis becomes more imperative.  Ã‚  Abiding amid those actors, subsequently,  is Cuba.  Ã‚  Ev en though now obviously missing Soviet martial services and financial support, Cuba, today remains a region of significant to America general defense interests.  Ã‚  In this regards, providing an imperative foundation of literary information on the crisis, a link between Cuba and America relations, and the military oppression or missiles predicaments following the crisis may offer future intuition on America’s intent during the crisis. More significantly, though, as the Cold War fades and the world takes shape of a new order, the significance of comprehending the events of the crisis and the main antagonists of the crisis to construct upon the current view of the world and prepare for future crisis becomes more imperative.  Ã‚  Abiding amid those actors, subsequently,  is Cuba.  Ã‚  Even though now obviously missing Soviet martial services and financial support, Cuba, today remains a region of significant to America general defense interests.  Ã‚  In this regards, providing an imperative foundation of literary information on the crisis, a link between Cuba and America relations, and the military oppression or missiles predicaments following the crisis may offer future intuition on America’s intent during the crisis. Discussion             The crisis involved three main countries i.e. America, Cuba, and the Soviet Union. However other countries such as Turkey and Germany were indirectly involved in the crisis. At the occurrence of the predicament, America and the Soviet were the most significant and deterministic countries. The Soviet sough to help Cuba fight off an impending invasion by America as a result of Cuba’s stand in socialists views. Later, Khrushchev termed the missiles as protective precautions against any invasion. Kennedy administration’s disinclination to admit to the status quo in Cuba may have caused the crisis. Unwaveringly disparate to Castro, Kennedy’s administration ordered an ill-fated incursion of Cuba by anti-Castro expatriates in 1961 April. Following the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† debacle, the CIA sought to murder Castro and backed clandestine operations against Cuba. In addition, America’s Department of State ordered a monetary and opinionated em bargo of the country while the Pentagon prepared a full-blown incursion of Cuba. On the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was pleased with Cuba’s call for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin; thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba. Cuba knew that Operation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and overturn the gains that the country had made over the years; thus, the country was prepared to fight any America’s invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations for Kennedy administration’s disinclination to admit to the status quo in Cuba may have caused the crisis. Unwaveringly disparate to Castro, Kennedy’s administration ordered an ill-fated incursion of Cuba by anti-Castro expatriates in 1961 April. Following the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† debacle, the CIA sought to murder Castro and backed clandestine operations against Cuba. In addition, America’s Department of State ordered a monetary and opinionated embargo of the country while the Pentagon prepared a full-blown incursion of Cuba. On the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was pleased with Cuba’s call for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin; thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba. Cuba knew that Operation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and overturn the gains that the country had made over the years; thus, the country was prepared to fi ght any America’s invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations for On the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was pleased with Cuba’s call for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin; thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba. Cuba knew that Operation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and overturn the gains that the country had made over the years; thus, the country was prepared to fight any America’s invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations for future assault on the Cuban soil. In this regards, Cuba acknowledged the Soviet strategy to mount missiles in May of 1962 to prevent any America assault. Furthermore, the installation of the missiles meant that Cuba would become a de facto partner of the Soviet Union. Since America’s estimation of armed Cuban was 100,000, Cuba planed to stage a surprise; thus, had about 270,000 armed Cubans by October 22, 1962. Cuba knew that Kennedy’s administration would not honor its pledge of not invading Cuba; thus, called on the Soviet Union not to withdraw its bombers from Cuba. However, Khrushchev agreed to Kennedy’s terms, which persuaded Cuba that it could not rely on the Soviet Union any longer. In this regards, Cubans saw the crisis as lasting for 6 years during which tension existed between the country and America. In fact, Castro’s administration asserted that the crisis was never resolved amicably. Although the countries realized peace, the aim of the crisis continued to dissipate i.e. America’s aim to destroy the Cuban rebellion continued; thus, according to Cubans, the crisis never ended. Since America’s estimation of armed Cuban was 100,000, Cuba planed to stage a surprise; thus, had about 270,000 armed Cubans by October 22, 1962. Cuba knew that Kennedy’s administration would not honor its pledge of not invading Cuba; thus, called on the Soviet Union not to withdraw its bombers from Cuba. However, Khrushchev agreed to Kennedy’s terms, which persuaded Cuba that it could not rely on the Soviet Union any longer. In this regards, Cubans saw the crisis as lasting for 6 years during which tension existed between the country and America. In fact, Castro’s administration asserted that the crisis was never resolved amicably. Although the countries realized peace, the aim of the crisis continued to dissipate i.e. America’s aim to destroy the Cuban rebellion continued; thus, according to Cubans, the crisis never ended.             Historians have accorded Cuba little regard concerning the crisis even if though they were the main antagonists to the crisis. In fact, were it not for the Cuban Rebellion, America would not have shown an outstanding interest to invade Cuba. Analysts should give credibility to the assertion that both Cuba and the Soviet Union observed the missiles as a restraint against America’s incursion. Although Cuba did not have a missiles; thus, its negligible powers to affect the outcome of the crisis, analysts fail to address the Cuban Rebellion as a key deterrent to any invasion. In fact, the fact that an amicable resolution did not emanate reveals Cuba’s significant to the crisis. More often, historians see Cuba as a colony of the Soviet Union in the crisis; hence, it only acted on the Soviet Union’s powers. However, the Soviet’s agreement to America’s terms after the crisis 13 days demonstrates that Cuba was not an outpost of any count ry. In fact, Cuba was an antagonist of both the Soviet and America. Cuba affected the history the crisis through many aspects of its socialist ideas and the rebellion, and although the countries did not resolve the crisis amicably, facts show that Cuba’s motives, actions, insights, and behaviors during the three stages of the crisis i.e. October 22, October 22 to 28, and October 28 to November 20. More often, historians see Cuba as a colony of the Soviet Union in the crisis; hence, it only acted on the Soviet Union’s powers. However, the Soviet’s agreement to America’s terms after the crisis 13 days demonstrates that Cuba was not an outpost of any country. In fact, Cuba was an antagonist of both the Soviet and America. Cuba affected the history the crisis through many aspects of its socialist ideas and the rebellion, and although the countries did not resolve the crisis amicably, facts show that Cuba’s motives, actions, insights, and behaviors during the three stages of the crisis i.e. October 22, October 22 to 28, and October 28 to November 20.          People view the Missile predicament as the pinnacle of the Cold War albeit it was only 13-days long to America and the Soviet Union. Cuba sought out support from the Soviet Union as a result of the imminent America’s invasion of Cuba, and the Soviets installed missiles all over Cuba. America viewed this as an intimidation from the Soviet Union wherein she prepared for the invasion with economic embargoes on Cuba and plans to assassinate Castro. However, after 13 days of plans and predicaments, America and the Soviet came to an agreement that saw the Soviet withdraw its missiles from Cuba. This left Cuba at a crossroad on the permanence of the crisis since its standoff with America remained. On the other hand, following the agreement America and the Soviet were cautious of using missiles during the entire period to the end of the Cold War. Cubans do not relate the crisis to the Cold war; thus, the difference in thinking between the primary viewpoint on the crisis and Cubans’ viewpoint. Before 1962 October 22          Between 1898 and 1959 America and Cuba were allies. However, after Castro took authority from Fulgencio Batista America cultivated enmity with Cuba that saw several embargoes against Cuba. After Castro took over the authority of the country he called for socialism, which angered the Americans. Further, following the swearing-in of Castro, Cuba experienced the Cuban Rebellion, which Cubans see as the cause of the crisis. The rebellion forced America to think of ways of ending the revolution and the calls for a socialist society; hence, America’s ideas of obliterating the rebellion caused the Cuban Crisis. Economic embargoes and institutions of seditious forces against Cuba, and the Bay of Pigs incursion demonstrated America’s intent to invade Cuba. This caused Castro means of defending Cuba; thus, he turned to the Soviet for help who were more than willing to help Cuba. In fact, Cubans were afraid of any direct incursion by America since they had witnessed the horrors committed in Dominican Republic and Vietnam. Leaders from Cuba believed that America reacted to the 1961 Bay of Pigs fiasco by organizing for much superior invasion of Cuba. Actually, the leaders believed that Americans were intent on overthrowing Cuba’s leadership with the help of America’s military forces. The Soviets shared Cuba’s sentiment; hence, offered to help with the installation of several missiles across Cuba. Cubans’ interpretation of America’s hostility led inescapably to the conclusion of an impending America invasion. This caused Castro means of defending Cuba; thus, he turned to the Soviet for help who were more than willing to help Cuba. In fact, Cubans were afraid of any direct incursion by America since they had witnessed the horrors committed in Dominican Republic and Vietnam. Leaders from Cuba believed that America reacted to the 1961 Bay of Pigs fiasco by organizing for much superior invasion of Cuba. Actually, the leaders believed that Americans were intent on overthrowing Cuba’s leadership with the help of America’s military forces. The Soviets shared Cuba’s sentiment; hence, offered to help with the installation of several missiles across Cuba. Cubans’ interpretation of America’s hostility led inescapably to the conclusion of an impending America invasion.            In 1962, Cuba was suspended from OAS (Organization of American States), which stimulated. Cuba’s reservations of an impending incursion. In June  1962,  however,  Kennedy concluded strategies to contain Cubas political separation by speaking to the forum of OAS symposium at Punta del Este, Uruguay.  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the proposals of America, the OAS affirmed Castros administration irreconcilable with the inter-American organization and, closing that Cuba should be debarred from the OAS, corresponded with America suggestions to enforce an arms ban. With hindsight, then, both America and Cub held each other responsible for their shared animosity and the twisting of trepidation and resentment leading Crisis. For Castro, this resentment was entrenched in his obligation to break Cubas reliance on America and make Cuba a socialist nation.  Ã‚  Castro was persuaded that American regalism had caused Cubas tribulations and that only the eradication of Cubas relia nce on America could overturn the tribulations.  Ã‚  In spite of untimely America’s endeavors to work with the Castro’s administration, Castro had no intent of joining forces America.  Ã‚  To a certain extent, Castro looked for any excuse to break the two countries’ ties. With hindsight, then, both America and Cub held each other responsible for their shared animosity and the twisting of trepidation and resentment leading Crisis. For Castro, this resentment was entrenched in his obligation to break Cubas reliance on America and make Cuba a socialist nation.  Ã‚  Castro was persuaded that American regalism had caused Cubas tribulations and that only the eradication of Cubas reliance on America could overturn the tribulations.  Ã‚  In spite of untimely America’s endeavors to work with the Castro’s administration, Castro had no intent of joining forces America.  Ã‚  To a certain extent, Castro looked for any excuse to break the two countries’ ties.               Cuba saw the suspension as a preparation tactic or diplomatic action taken prior to an invasion. Several reports of an impending invasion followed the action with Miro Cardona indicating that John Kennedy planned on invading Cuba. Following the reports, America threatened to extend its economic restrictions to countries that traded with Cuba. In fact, America tried hard to frustrate Cuba’s trade negotiations with countries such as Japan, Israel, Jordan, Iran, and Greece. Cuban leaders interpreted the America’s orchestrated activities as part of a well schemed strategy to destabilize and destroy Cuba. Furthermore, the Cubans saw the Operation Mongoose as an orchestrated plan meant to bring about a rebellion of the Cubans. America wanted a revolt that would overthrow Castro’s government. The operation was a vast strategy that included blowing up bridges, cutting communication, destruction of sugar mills, and oil facilities, and sabotage of m achines. The CIA and secret radio broadcasts infiltrated numerous teams to support guerrilla forces in Cuba. Cubans saw the guerrilla warfare as an integral strategy aimed at assassinating Castro. In fact, America did not want to replace Castro’s administration with Che Guevara, and they organized for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the death of Castro. Conversely, Cub believed that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castro’s interview with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Events preceding the operation and America’s impending invasion may have stimulated Cuba’s decision to accept Soviet’s missile operation. Furthermore, the Cubans saw the Operation Mongoose as an orchestrated plan meant to bring about a rebellion of the Cubans. America wanted a revolt that would overthrow Castro’s government. The operation was a vast strategy that included blowing up bridges, cutting communication, destruction of sugar mills, and oil facilities, and sabotage of machines. The CIA and secret radio broadcasts infiltrated numerous teams to support guerrilla forces in Cuba. Cubans saw the guerrilla warfare as an integral strategy aimed at assassinating Castro. In fact, America did not want to replace Castro’s administration with Che Guevara, and they organized for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the death of Castro. Conversely, Cub believed that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castro’s interview with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Eve nts preceding the operation and America’s impending invasion may have stimulated Cuba’s decision to accept Soviet’s missile operation. In fact, America did not want to replace Castro’s administration with Che Guevara, and they organized for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the death of Castro. Conversely, Cub believed that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castro’s interview with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Events preceding the operation and America’s impending invasion may have stimulated Cuba’s decision to accept Soviet’s missile operation.            Accordingly, the Kennedy’s government seemed to straighten out  on a strategy of pestering and ambassadorial segregation in order to restrain Castro and keep him uneven.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The aggravation incorporated the use of operations such as Operation Mongoose, and clandestine operations between Cuba and Florida, demolishing factories, and performing hit-and-run assaults alongside the Cuban coast. America formerly intended to storm the Bay of Pigs another time, but then, the humiliation the country underwent forced it forego the plans. America feared Cuba’s relationship with the Soviet. The operations and America’s harassment strategies point to the fact that America intended to wholly disintegrate Castro’s government. The crisis               President Kennedy, in his October 22nd report to the American people, he referred to the existence of standard and long-range ballistic  artillery  in  Cuba.  Prior to the address, the CIA had indicated the existence of two IRBM and four MRBM instigation sites in diverse stages of manufacture and structured into a minimum of three regiments.  Ã‚  Of these sites, two contingents of eight missile launcher each were supposed to be portable and structured to instigate the MRBMs while people believed the one contingent of eight permanent launchers to be designed for the IRBMs. This evaluation shows or clarifies the true threat that faced America at the time of the crisis. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviet’s intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castro’s uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush America’s army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.  Ã‚  Accordingly, Castro,  faced with just an alternative to fight agreed  to  the  employment  of  missiles  in  Cuba. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviet’s intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castro’s uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush America’s army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.  Ã‚  Accordingly, Castro,  faced with just an alternative to fight agreed  to  the  emplo yment  of  missiles  in  Cuba. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviet’s intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castro’s uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush America’s army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.  Ã‚  Accordingly, Castro,  faced with just an alternative to fight agreed  to  the  emplo yment  of  missiles  in  Cuba. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviet’s intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castro’s uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush America’s army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.  Ã‚  Accordingly, Castro,  faced with just an alternative to fight agreed  to  the  emplo yment  of  missiles  in  Cuba. This evaluation shows or clarifies the true threat that faced America at the time of the crisis. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviet’s intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castro’s uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush America’s army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.  Ã‚  Accordingly, Castro,  faced with just an alternative to fight agreed  to  the  employment  of  missiles  in  Cuba. Cuba’s Involvement               Cuba was involved in the crisis as much as the Soviet and America were involved. In fact, some people point out that Cuba remained the main antagonist during the entire crisis since America wanted to invade it and the Soviet provided missiles to the country. In addition, since the crisis was tied to the invasion of the Bay of Pigs, Cubans understood that the invasion was between America and Cuba. The Soviet plans to support Cuba were always in ambiguity. On one hand, the Soviet claimed that its aim was to support Cuba from America while Cuba saw it as a support to its interests. The agreement between Cuba and the Soviet saw the Soviet place the missiles to support Cuba. However, the aim of the Soviet to resolve the issue remained ambiguous even to Cubans. The decision to remove the missiles after 13 days demonstrated Soviet’s unwillingness to support â€Å"Little Cuba† as it claimed. This shows that the animosity that existed between America and Cuba continued. Cubans, therefore, saw the Soviets help as more than support against America. In fact, the Soviet sought to repay America’s unkindness for surrounding the Soviet Confederation with missiles and military base. Since Cuba is strategically located near America, the Soviet saw the crisis as a major chance to demonstrate to America its happiness. Khrushchev also intended to use the missiles as bargaining whittles during the U.N. forums and to further its ideals during the Cold War. In this regards, Cuba understood its stand during the crisis, and after the Soviet agreed to America’s terms it was not left with any chance, but to resort to socialism calls. Castro understood all along that America was intent on invading Cuba no because of the crisis, but mainly because of the Cuban Rebellion.               Cubans understood their importance during the crisis; thus, Castro’s administration planned well throughout the crisis. The administration understood that the crisis emanated as a result of Cuba’s calls for socialism and not because of the missiles. In this regards, the government understood that even after agreeing to the terms of the deal between the Soviets and America, it remained free of both countries. However, the administration knew that the crisis still existed since the main issues surrounding the crisis were never resolved. In this regards, Cuba played the most significant role in the progress of the crisis and the conclusion of the crisis six years later. Although most people think that the crisis ended after 13 days, it continued with animosity between America and Cuba rising continually each day. Although Castro denied the claims that he instigated an appeal to place the missiles, he stated during a speech in 1963 that the installat ion of the missiles was a mutual accord between Cuba and the Soviet. However, data shows that Castro instigated a plan that would compel the Soviet to provide the missiles to Cuba. In fact, Castro influenced the activities and actions that led to the Soviets agreement to deploy the missiles to Cuba. The missiles provided Cuba to deter any America’s invasion and reduce the country’s reliance to America. By possessing the missiles, Castro knew that he would retaliate to any America’s oppression especially the oppression that Cuba had suffered for more than 200 years under the hands of America. The lack of any battle during the crisis helped deter any warfare that would have emerged. In addition, had America invaded Cuba, Cuba would have realized guerrilla warfare across the whole nation; thus, the withdrawal of the missiles may have offered a chance for the countries to remain at peace with each other. Conclusion            During the period of the Crisis, people believed that America had attained an enormous triumph. In addition, Cubans believed that there was no resolution in regards to the crisis; thus, they remained the main losers to the crisis. After the agreement between the Soviets and America, the Soviets removed the missiles from Cuba, which left Cuba with no support. This shows that Cuba was solitary in its endeavors during the crisis, and the crisis was nothing but America’s intent to crush socialism in Cuba.   Furthermore, the agreement between the Soviet and America forced Cuba to agree to the requisites of the deal; thus, Castros reputation inside Latin America suffered significantly. However, Cubans understood that America did not win during the crisis since Kennedy did not achieve his goal of overthrowing Castro. Although the Soviet removed the missiles, Castro remained the president. In fact, today, America enforces an economic embargo against Cuba, which sh ows that there was no resolution on the crisis. America still enforces a restriction on Cuba while Castro persists to be a nuisance to U.S aims in the Caribbean. Accordingly, even though Cuba does not enjoy Russia’s economic subventions and military aid, the struggle between America’s egalitarian principles and Castros socialism continues.  Ã‚  While America’s efforts concerning Cuba have realized little victory, it is noticeable that Castro still holds Cuba’s administration, and that communism and an intrinsic mistrust of America remains.               The crisis demonstrates the antagonism and repressions that existed between the three countries. Although people see the war as a supreme battle between America and the Soviet, Cuba’s involvement in the crisis demonstrates that the crisis was between America and Cuba with the help of the Soviet for some times. However, after the agreement to withdraw the missiles the crisis remained a contention between America and Cuba. Indeed, the countries did not resolve the crisis since the animosity between America and Cuba remains to date. Conclusively, the crisis offers a chance for historians to rethink the roles of the country during the crisis. References Chrisp, Peter.  The Cuban Missile Crisis. Milwaukee, WI: World Almanac Library, 2002. Haas, Mark L.. Prospect Theory And The Cuban Missile Crisis.  International Studies Quarterly  45, no. 2 (2001): 241-270. Immell, Myra.  The Cuban Missile Crisis. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011. Laffey, Mark, and Jutta Weldes. Decolonizing The Cuban Missile Crisis.International Studies Quarterly  52, no. 3 (2008): 555-577. Renshon, Jonathan. Mirroring Risk: The Cuban Missile Estimation.  Intelligence and National Security  24, no. 3 (2009): 315-338. Source document

The Short Stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay -- Biography Biograp

The Short Stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Short story writer. Novelist. Journalist. Political activist. Nobel Prize winner. Most beloved of 20th century Latin American authors, Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6, 1928, in the small coastal town of Aracataca, Colombia. He published his first story, "The Third Resignation," in 1947 and began studying law and journalism. His first novel, Leafstorm, was published in 1955, the same year the Colombian government shut down his employer, the newspaper El Espectador. In 1958, after 14 years of engagement, he married Mercedes Burcha and began working for the Caracas newspaper, El Momento. During the Cuban Revolution in 1959, he worked for Cuba’s Prensa Latina in Bogota, Cuba, and New York. He published No One Writes to the Colonel in 1961 and was awarded the Colombian National Novel Prize for In Evil Hour. After two years of seclusion he published his most famed novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude; in 1970, it was published in English and named one of Time’s ten best books of the year. Always active in politics, Garcia Marquez founded the leftist magazine, Alternativa, in Bogota. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982. Other important novels in Garcia Marquez’s large body of work include Love in the Time of Cholera, The Autumn of the Patriarch, Of Love and Other Demons, and The General in His Labyrinth, about Simon Bolivar. His most recent work, News of a Kidnapping, published in 1996, is a piece of journalistic nonfiction. Prolific and versatile, Garcia Marquez has endured for half a century and earned himself an honored place in world literature. Though not as well known as his novels, his short stories make for particularly fascinating reading. His first... ...entence conjures imagery of the Garden of Eden, and implies that since that time, man has lived in a meaningless, disoriented fog of self-absorption. Though perhaps not as accomplished as his fine novels, the early short stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez accurately embody the atmosphere of the 20th century. His Kafkaesqe visions deftly blur the line between the real and the unreal, the physical and the imaginary. The psychological and philosophical torment of his characters reverberates throughout the work of many other modern authors, and these stories serve as an auspicious beginning to a remarkable career in world literature. Works Cited Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. "Eva Is Inside Her Cat." Collected Stories. Cambridge: Harper & Row, 1984. 3-12. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. "The Third Resignation." Collected Stories. Cambridge: Harper & Row, 1984. 23-34.

AIDS: Impacts Escalate From Families to the World

The world always poses innumerable threats to humankind’s health and well being. Famine, flood, earthquakes, war, terrorism, epidemics and natural disasters riddle our lives with tragedy. One of the most terrifying of these killers remains silent and unseen even though it may lurk beneath the very skin of those individuals you cherish most.This terrifying phenomenon has traveled throughout the world and has settled into even the most prosperous nations. Medical advancements, educational programs and government policies have not had success in subduing the spread of this biological executioner. For over three decades, the AIDS virus has run rampant across the globe.As time goes on we see more infections and fewer solutions to the ongoing problems this virus leaves in its wake. The AIDS virus has caused a great deal of substantial and devastating impacts worldwide. To better understand those impacts, a review of the virus and its capabilities will reveal just what a powerful inf ection this microorganism causes.At first, the AIDS virus appears harmless. It does not bring about immediate impending death or even directly harsh and noticeable symptoms. Unlike that of the dreaded avian bird flu virus which killed several people in Asia with in a matter of days, the AIDS virus can afflict a body for over a decade before death ensues.This happens as a result of the immune deficiency that AIDS causes in a body. The virus itself would not bring about mortality, but for the fact that hampers its host’s immune system, leaving the person susceptible to contracting other illnesses and disease. Chronic illnesses can last for years, can reoccur constantly, and finally can destroy the AIDS afflicted individual once their immune system has broken down to the point of no survival.In this respect unlike other infections AIDS slowly kills its host, and during that slow period of transition can render a person completely incapacitated with other illnesses. This aspect o f the disease has just as much impact on the world as the impending deaths that follow.The AIDS virus transmits itself through contact with body fluids. This means, blood, semen, saliva and other body fluids have the potential to infect others. Unprotected sexual intercourse has most often received the blame for transmission, or perhaps most often gets popular media coverage.Similarly, AIDS transmission also occurs like wildfire among drug users who contract the virus using contaminated hypodermic needles. Sadly enough, cases in which a mistaken blood transfusion held the virus has also caused infection. AIDS also passes from mother to unborn child. So if the mother incurs the infection prior to giving birth, her child will likely have HIV as well.Unfortunately the threat of contracting AIDS increasingly impacts the world as lack of funding and education lead to misinformed populations.While there exist medical treatments for individuals afflicted with AIDS, the treatments only subd ue the symptoms of the virus for a time rather than eradicate the illness completely.The medical world has had considerable trouble controlling the AIDS virus and formulating a vaccine for it because of, â€Å"the ability of a virus to change its genetic structure, which, in turn, changes the very proteins in the envelope that would be targeted by a vaccine.Exactly why some viruses shift so drastically and the AIDS virus seems to be able to change its colors as fast as the classic chameleon of the viral world, the flu virus — is unclear† (Langone 150).As the previous statement explains, the rapidly mutating virus makes it nearly impossible to replicate the correct variables for an effective antibody. This impacts the world leaving the medical field at a loss for answers and people at a loss for cures.More personally, the AIDS virus impacts families around the world. When men of the family incur the virus, they most likely will unknowingly transmit it to their wives as well. Men, who act as the predominant financial supporters of the household find their health and their ability to provide for their loved ones failing.When the patriarch cannot work and bring home finances the family may find itself sliding into poverty. Especially if healthcare providers learn of the man’s illness and refuses to pay the vastly incremental costs that the malady can accrue over time.So, as the men of families contract and struggle with the affliction, the rest of the family feels the impact and later as we shall see so does the rest of the world.Women feel just as much impact from the AIDS virus and possibly more. If their husbands have unknowingly contracted the virus, chances are that wives will then incur the infection from their spouses. In some cases women in this situation may conceive children which will also have the virus upon birth. Women feel a great impact from the AIDS virus since they act as the primary caregivers of the family.Time spent at hom e caring for an ailing husband leaves them unable to find financially productive jobs in the community (â€Å"On the Socioeconomic Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic†). Mothers afflicted by the AIDS virus will eventually fade like their husbands, and in doing so leave their unaffected children as orphans. The impact of AIDS in this regard has a devastating impact on the individual families as well as the world.Similarly, as mentioned above, children can feel the most severe impact of AIDS in their lives. As parents weaken and families fall deeper into poverty, children find themselves without care givers and the basic needs for food, shelter and safety go unfulfilled. If the children have contracted AIDS from their parents upon birth, they too face the impending doom as the virus ravages their immune system.Over all the effect on children can be seen as, â€Å"AIDS is decimating entire generations of productive young adults, while leaving behind a huge cohort of children withou t parents and adequate community support, vulnerable to exploitation and lacking education and livelihood opportunities† (â€Å"On the Socioeconomic Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic†). This impact of AIDS on children has impounding world wide impacts as will later be discussed.Lastly, elders in the family who have not contracted the AIDS virus also feel the impact as the affliction ravages younger family members. Grandparents must often take in their orphaned grandchildren. If the elders have lost their health and capabilities, they often depend on the help and financial support of their children.With AIDS destroying their offspring, it also destroys their caregivers and financial support for health and medical needs as well. In this respect, AIDS impacts both ends of the age spectrum, both the very young and the elderly. All of these familial impacts have been felt by humans worldwide.In relation, we have seen how the AIDS virus tears apart families and impacts all pers ons of the family. These impacts further compound from individual families, eventually reaching out and affecting entire populations. The mortality rates of AIDS affect areas obviously increase. As both young children and adults die from their AIDS induced illnesses.Also, the average life expectancy of individuals drops drastically in these populations, due to the fact that AIDS transmission most often occurs in children and young adults. As stated by the article, On the Socioeconomic Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic, â€Å"AIDS kills people mostly in the 15-49 year age group.†This age range of incurred infection leads to a drop in years of life as younger people die of the virus well before the normal projection of life expectancy. For example, â€Å"By 2005-2010, average life expectancy at birth in the 11 worst affected countries is projected to decrease to 44 years. instead of rising to 61 years as projected in the absence of the disease† (â€Å"On the Socioeconomic Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic†).  Lastly, due to the fact that AIDS affects persons in their reproductive years, a decrease in child bearing ensues, leading to population decline in afflicted nations around the world.Over all the AIDS virus has caused a great deal of substantial and devastating impacts worldwide. Men, who act as the financial backbone of the families fall ill and can no longer provide for their families needs. The women often spend time caring for their ailing husbands rather than obtaining jobs for needed income.The women and children can also unknowingly incur infection from the men of the family. Children and elders who are not affected find themselves without care givers and financial supporters. All of this adds up to leave nations around the world with increased mortality rates, lower life expectancy rates and fewer birthrates.Also of importance to note are the economic impacts felt around the world as labor force declines the individuals affected c an no longer work. Families as well as nations slide into poverty when they cannot produce the food or materials needed due to lack of human resources.